While only half of these fires have a known cause, the UK Government has issued a Marine Guidance Note on the use of lithium-ion batteries.
The Assistant Harbourmaster at Guernsey Ports, Kieran Higgs, said lithium-ion batteries need to treated differently to other power sources.
“Understanding the correct safety procedures is important as the consequences of a battery fire can be catastrophic.
“Thermal runaway is the cause of most lithium-ion battery fires. This is where the battery continues heating until it catches fire. With the mixture of gases released, fires can intensify rapidly and become extremely difficult to extinguish.
“The risk is greatly increased when a battery is damaged or it hasn’t been stored or charged safely.
“That is why it’s so important to understand the risks and to mitigate them by following appropriate safety procedures and training all crew members on early detection of the warning signs.”
Preventative measures
Lithium-ion batteries should always be sourced from reputable manufactures and be certified appropriately.
They should be stored in line with manufacturer advice, and storage compartments shouldn’t be allowed to reach temperatures above 45 degrees.
“These compartments can be fitted with cooling systems, fire suppressants and monitoring systems which contain fixed smoke, heat and gas detectors,” said Guernsey Ports.
“Where possible, alerts should be interfaced with the vessel’s safety management system.
“While all crew should be trained in safe use of Li-ion batteries, it is recommended that a named person on-board is appointed chief responsibility for the safe operation, maintenance and response to emergencies involving Li-ion batteries, due to the unique challenges they pose.”